Why Is Root Canal Treatment Performed?

Root canal treatment is a dental procedure used to address problems such as pain, infection or the risk of tooth loss caused by decay or damage to a tooth. This article explains why root canal treatment is carried out and how the procedure is performed.

What Is Root Canal Treatment?

Root canal treatment is the process of removing the nerves, blood vessels and other tissues from inside the tooth, followed by cleaning, shaping and filling the internal root-canal system. The procedure removes infected or damaged tissue and treats the infection inside the tooth. Root canal treatment is generally carried out under local anaesthesia, with measures taken to keep the patient comfortable.

Why Is Root Canal Treatment Performed?

1. Tooth decay: Tooth decay is the gradual deterioration of the enamel layer on the outer surface of the tooth. Over time, decay may progress into the tooth and damage the living tissues. Root canal treatment may then be required to remove the affected tissue and clean, shape and fill the inside of the tooth.
2. Dental damage: Damage may occur for many reasons, including a fractured, cracked or broken tooth. This damage may affect the inside of the tooth and lead to infection. Root canal treatment may therefore be required to remove infection from inside the tooth and preserve its function.
3. Dental infections: Dental infections develop when bacteria enter the tooth and multiply. These infections may cause symptoms such as pain, swelling and sensitivity. Root canal treatment removes infected tissue and helps the tooth return to a stable condition.
4. Risk of tooth loss: A tooth may be lost because of severe decay, damage or infection. Root canal treatment is performed to preserve the natural tooth when it can be predictably restored.